Pharma Pulse by Linu mohan
Sepsis
is a life-threatening response to infection by the body, which can lead to
tissue damage, organ failure, and sometimes even death. In medical terms,
sepsis is defined as the presence of pathogenic organisms or their toxins in
the blood and tissues. It means the body's own immune system is trying to kill
a blood-borne bacterial infection.
Generally
sepsis is an easily treatable condition, but if left untreated can kill a
person in two days. Sepsis presents a
complex pathophysiology, characterised by the activation of multiple
overlapping and interacting cascades leading to systematic inflammation, a
procoagulant state, and decreased fibrinolysis. Mortality rates with sepsis are
higher for patients with pre-existing disease, ICU admission, and multiple
organ care.
Normal
methods of detecting sepsis through bacterial culture, usually takes time which
may affect the patient condition negatively. But researchers have found a new
way to significantly reduce that detection time, giving medical professionals
more time to treat the patient.Instead of the bacteria, in this method, body's
immune response to those bacteria,will be identified using a tiny
glass-and-plastic chip that can confirm a sepsis diagnosis in just four hours.
The
chips are designed to look for the activation of certain white blood cells,
which would indicate the immune system was going to work to fight the
infection. The chip requires less than a drop of blood for an accurate test, so
doctors can test multiple times to determine the occurrence of sepsis as well
as retest periodically after administering antibiotics to make sure the body's
response is returning to normal
With
early diagnosis, appropriate treatments can be conducted in time and sepsis
progression can be controlled, which may help to save many lives.
FEMTOSECOND
LASER IN OPTHALMIC SURGERY
Near-sightedness,
or myopia, is one of the most common refractive
errors of the eye,
and in recent years its prevalence is really high. In simple words
near-sightedness, is the condition where close objects appear clearly, but
distant objects appear blurry.When the eyeball is too long, relative to
the focusing power of the cornea and lens of the eye, light raysmay focus at a
point in front of the retina,
rather than directly on its surface.This results in myopia.
Femtosecond Laser is an ophthalmic surgical laser
recently approved by FDA, designed to create small incisions in the cornea of
the eye. It is used in surgical treatment for near-sightedness. In this method
surgeon uses femtosecond laser to cut a disc-shaped piece of corneal tissue
(lenticule), which is thicker in the centre and thinner at the edge. During
surgery, this tissue is removed with surgical instruments which flatten the
centre of the cornea and results in the reduction or elimination of
near-sightedness.
Femtosecond laser
technology may be able to perform a variety of corneal refractive procedures
with high precision, offering advantages over current mechanical and laser
devices and techniques.
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